Teratology is the study of birth defects (congenital anomalies). It examines the causes, mechanisms, and prevention of structural abnormalities present at birth.
Key Characteristics / Core Concepts
- Focuses on structural abnormalities, not functional disorders.
- Involves investigation of both genetic and environmental factors.
- Emphasizes critical periods of development where defects are most likely to occur.
- Utilizes various methods, including animal models and epidemiological studies.
- Aims to understand the causes of birth defects and develop preventative strategies.
How It Works / Its Function
Teratologists study how genetic mutations or environmental exposures during pregnancy affect fetal development. This involves examining various stages of development and identifying the point at which anomalies arise.
Examples
- Spina bifida (a neural tube defect).
- Cleft lip and palate (facial abnormalities).
- Congenital heart defects (structural problems with the heart).
Why is it Important? / Significance
Understanding the causes of birth defects allows for better prevention strategies. This ultimately contributes to improving maternal and child health outcomes.
Teratology’s research contributes to public health efforts aimed at reducing the incidence of birth defects.
Related Concepts
- Embryology
- Genetics
- Pharmacology