Western philosophy is the philosophical tradition that originated in ancient Greece and has since developed through the medieval, modern, and contemporary periods. It’s characterized by a focus on reason, logic, and systematic inquiry into fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, and reason. Key Characteristics / Core Concepts Emphasis on reason and logic as primary tools … Read more
Utilitarianism is a moral philosophy that holds that the best action is the one that maximizes utility. Utility is often defined as the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Key Characteristics / Core Concepts Focuses on consequences: Utilitarianism judges actions based on their outcomes, not intentions. Maximizing happiness/well-being: The goal is to produce … Read more
Theology is the study of the nature of God and religious belief. It involves systematic reflection on religious faith, practices, and experience. Key Characteristics / Core Concepts Systematic Study: Theology employs logical and reasoned methods to explore religious beliefs. God and Religious Belief: The central focus is on understanding God, divine attributes, and the nature … Read more
Stoicism is a philosophy that emphasizes virtue, reason, and living in harmony with nature. It encourages individuals to focus on what they can control and accept what they cannot. Key Characteristics / Core Concepts Virtue as the sole good: Stoics believe that virtue (wisdom, justice, courage, temperance) is the only true good, and vice is … Read more
Moral philosophy, or ethics, is the branch of philosophy that explores the concepts of right and wrong, good and bad, virtue and vice. It delves into the principles that govern human behavior and guide moral decision-making. Key Characteristics / Core Concepts Normative Ethics: Deals with establishing norms or standards for ethical conduct. Meta-ethics: Examines the … Read more
Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes human agency, reason, and ethics, and often rejects supernatural or religious explanations. It prioritizes human values and concerns, focusing on the potential and achievements of humanity. Key Characteristics / Core Concepts Emphasis on human reason and experience over religious dogma or superstition. Focus on human values such as … Read more