Teratology is the study of birth defects (congenital anomalies). It examines the causes, mechanisms, and prevention of structural abnormalities present at birth. Key Characteristics / Core Concepts Focuses on structural abnormalities, not functional disorders. Involves investigation of both genetic and environmental factors. Emphasizes critical periods of development where defects are most likely to occur. Utilizes … Read more
Developmental biology is the study of the process by which animals and plants grow and develop. It encompasses the entire life cycle, from fertilization to adulthood, and focuses on how cells differentiate and organize into tissues, organs, and ultimately, a functioning organism. Key Characteristics / Core Concepts Cell Differentiation: The process by which cells become … Read more
Comparative anatomy is the study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species. It helps scientists understand evolutionary relationships and the development of various body structures. Key Characteristics / Core Concepts Homologous Structures: Structures in different species that share a common ancestor, even if they have different functions (e.g., the forelimbs of humans, … Read more