Human factors (also known as ergonomics or human engineering) is the study of how humans interact with systems and technologies, focusing on designing systems to optimize human well-being and performance.
It considers physical, cognitive, and organizational aspects to improve safety, efficiency, and user satisfaction.
Key Characteristics / Core Concepts
- User-centered design: Prioritizing the needs and capabilities of users in all stages of system design.
- Cognitive ergonomics: Examining mental processes like perception, attention, memory, and decision-making as they relate to system use.
- Physical ergonomics: Focusing on the physical aspects of human-system interaction, including posture, workspace design, and biomechanics.
- Organizational ergonomics: Considering the impact of organizational structures, work processes, and teamwork on human performance and well-being.
- Safety and risk management: Identifying and mitigating hazards to improve safety within the context of a human-system.
How It Works / Its Function
Human factors professionals analyze how humans interact with systems to identify areas for improvement. They then apply their understanding of human capabilities and limitations to design safer, more efficient, and more user-friendly systems.
This involves iterative testing and evaluation of designs, incorporating user feedback, and using data to guide changes and optimize the final design.
Examples
- Designing aircraft cockpits for optimal pilot performance and safety.
- Creating intuitive user interfaces for software applications.
- Optimizing assembly lines to reduce worker fatigue and improve efficiency.
Why is it Important? / Significance
Human factors are crucial because they can significantly impact workplace safety, productivity, and user satisfaction. Well-designed systems reduce errors, accidents, and injuries, while also increasing efficiency and usability.
Ignoring human factors can lead to costly mistakes, low productivity, and potential harm to human users. In essence, it’s about designing systems that work *with* people, not against them.
Related Concepts
- Usability engineering
- Ergonomics
- Human-computer interaction
Human factors engineering is a vital field for ensuring safety and maximizing the effectiveness of systems designed for and used by humans.